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The imperative is a grammatical mood that forms commands or requests, including the giving of prohibition or permission, or any other kind of advice or exhortation. An example of a verb in the imperative mood is ''be'' in the English sentence "Please be quiet". Imperatives of this type imply a second-person subject (''you''); some languages also have first- and third-person imperatives, with the meaning of "let's (do something)" or "let him/her/them (do something)" (these forms may alternatively be called cohortative and jussive). Imperative mood can be denoted by the glossing abbreviation . It is one of the irrealis moods. == Formation == Imperative mood is often expressed using special conjugated verb forms. Like other finite verb forms, imperatives often inflect for person and number. Second-person imperatives (used for ordering or requesting performance directly from the person(s) being addressed) are most common, but some languages also have imperative forms for the first and third persons (alternatively called cohortative and jussive respectively). In English, the imperative is formed using the bare infinitive form of the verb (see English verbs for more details). This is usually also the same as the second-person present indicative form, except in the case of the verb ''to be'', where the imperative is ''be'' while the indicative is ''are''. (The present subjunctive always has the same form as the imperative, although it is negated differently – the imperative is negated using ''don't'', as in "Don't touch me!"; see ''do''-support.) The imperative form is understood as being in the second person (the subject pronoun ''you'' is usually omitted, although it can be included for emphasis), with no explicit indication of singular or plural. First and third person imperatives are expressed periphrastically, using a construction with the imperative of the verb ''let'': * Let us (Let's) have a drink! (equivalent to a first person plural imperative) * Let him/her/them be happy! (equivalent to a third person imperative; constructions with ''may'' are also used) Other languages such as Latin, French and German have a greater variety of inflected imperative forms, marked for person and number, their formation often depending on a verb's conjugation pattern. Examples can be found in the specific language sections below. In languages that make a T–V distinction (''tu'' vs. ''vous'', ''du'' vs. ''Sie'', etc.) the use of particular forms of the second person imperative may also be dependent on the degree of familiarity between the speaker and the addressee, as with other verb forms. The second person singular imperative often consists of just the stem of the verb, without any ending – this is the case in the Slavic languages, for example. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「imperative mood」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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